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Bachata (music)
Bachata is a Latino genre of music that originated in the Dominican Republic in the early parts of the 20th century with the European, Indigenous and African descendants in the country and spread to other parts of Latin America and Mediterranean Europe. It became widely popular in the countryside and the rural neighborhoods of the Dominican Republic. Its subjects are often romantic; especially prevalent are tales of heartbreak and sadness. The original term used to name the genre was ''amargue'' ("bitterness", "bitter music", or "blues music"), until the rather ambiguous (and mood-neutral) term ''bachata'' became popular. The form of dance, bachata, also developed with the music.〔Pacini Hernandez, Deborah. ("Brief history of Bachata" ), ''Bachata, A social history of a Dominican popular music'', 1995, Temple University Press. Retrieved on December 4, 2008 〕
==Overviews==
The earliest bachata was originally developed in the Dominican Republic around the early part of the 20th century, the genre mixed the pan-Latin American style called bolero with more African elements, combined with other traditional Latin-Caribbean rhythms. During much of its history, Bachata music was denigrated by the Dominican elite and associated with rural underdevelopment and crime. As recently as the 1980s, bachata was considered too vulgar, crude and musically rustic to enter mainstream music. In the 1990s, however, bachata's instrumentation changed from acoustic guitar to electric steel string. The new electric bachata (New York style) would soon become an international phenomenon, and today bachata is as popular as other Latino music and dance like salsa and merengue in many Latin American dance halls. Bachata was played by ''campesinos'', or peasants, who would play it whenever the village gathered for a party.
==Instrumentations==
The typical bachata group consists of five instruments: lead guitar, rhythm guitar, electric bass guitar, bongos and güira. The rhythm guitar is also known as a ''segunda'' and serves the purpose of adding syncopation to the music. Bachata groups mainly play a straightforward style of bolero (lead guitar instrumentation using arpeggiated repetitive chords is a distinctive characteristic of bachata), but when they change to merengue-based bachata, the percussionist will switch from bongo to a tambora drum. In the 1960s and 1970s, maracas were used instead of güira. The change in the 1980s from maracas to the more versatile güira was made as bachata was becoming more dance oriented.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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